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In this review, several typical nanomaterials are selected to demonstrate the coordination effect on the control of structure/microstructure/texture, surface/interface, particle size and morphology. Based on the principle of coordination chemistry, with some solution-based methods including solvothermal treatment and the thermolysis of metal
Trivalent rare earth ions such as Sc 3+, Y 3+, La 3+, and Lu 3+ possess the stable, empty, or filled state, so they are optically inert ions and cannot show the photoactive behavior. Gd 3+ has half-empty 4f shell and produces a very stable 8 S 7/2 ground state with excitation energy higher than 32,000 cm −1, so the emission of Gd 3+
In the present work electronic, structural and thermoelectric properties of newly designed layered rare-earth metal germanide halides such as Y 2 GeX 2 (X = Cl, Br, I) are investigated. These materials are indirect band gap semiconductors with narrow band gap 0.30 eV for Y 2 GeCl 2,0.36 eV for Y 2 GeBr 2, and 0.41 eV for Y 2 GeI 2 respectively.
2. Rare earth solid laser materials. Solid-state laser materials are mostly electrolyte materials, with the laser center using rare earth ions in optical pump mode. These materials can be divided into crystal laser materials, glass laser materials, and fiber laser materials. (1) Rare earth crystals as laser materials.
Rare earth (Sm/Eu/Tm) doped ZrO 2 driven electro-catalysis, energy storage, and scaffolding in high-performance perovskite solar cells Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 48 ( 2023 ), pp. 29119 - 29141 View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar
In this study, effects of rare-earth elements such as Nd, Gd, and Ce on the structural and electrical properties of lead-free bismuth sodium potassium barium titanate Bi 0.487 Na 0.427 K 0.06 Ba 0.026 TiO 3 (0.854BNT-0.12BKT-0.026BT) (BNKBT) ceramics have
13.6 Principles of Metal Hydride Hydrogen Storage 221 after H/RE > 2.8. Furthermore, hexagonal rare earth trihydrides, REH 3,show semiconductor properties. 3. Structures of metal hydrides Following hydrogen absorption by LaNi 5, the position of La, Ni
On the basis of the electrochemical energy storage potential of REs, typical rare earth oxides are selected as research objects to provide a comprehensive overview of their
Metal hydrides represent an exciting process of hydrogen storage which is inherently safer than the compressed gas or liquid hydrogen storage. Additionally, some intermetallics (including metals and alloys) store hydrogen at a higher volume density than liquid hydrogen (see Table 8.1 below).
Here, using a first-principles-based method, it is predicted that rare-earth substitution of varied elements and composition can systematically tune the stability of the
Silver niobate (AgNbO3) is considered as one of the most promising lead-free replacements for lead-containing antiferroelectric (AFE) ceramics, and has been drawing progressively more attention because of its relatively high energy storage density. However, weak ferroelectricity in pure AgNbO3 exerts a negat
This work demonstrates the Ca(OH) 2 by rare-earth elements doping as a high-performance thermochemical energy storage material for solar thermal energy
First-principles study of cation and hy- drogen arrangements in the Li-Mg-N-H hydrogen storage sys- tem. Physical Review B: Condensed Matter, 2007, 76(1): 14116. Mg alloys containing La consisted of MgO, La 2 O 3.
Conventional energy also relies on rare earth elements (REEs), for example to produce car exhaust catalysts. But the mix of energy-relevant REEs that are needed going
Schematic illustration of energy storage devices using rare earth element incorporated electrodes including lithium/sodium ion battery, lithium-sulfur battery, rechargeable alkaline battery, supercapacitor, and redox flow battery. Standard redox potential values of rare earth elements. The orange range indicates the potential range of
This special issue covers a series of cutting-edge works on exploring novel rare earth luminescent materials and their sensing 10, optical information storage 11, energy conservation 12, and
The synergism developing between the rare earth ions and semiconductor metal oxides improves its optical functionality and thus enhances its performance in different application [4]. Electrochemical water splitting with ZrO 2 electro-catalyst signifies energy production via oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)
Listed in Table 2 are the calculated lattice constants (Å), cohesive energy (eV f.u. −1), and formation energy (eV f.u. −1) of the rare Earth-based equiatomic Heusler compounds. The cohesive energy is calculated as the difference between the sum of the ground state total energies of the isolated atoms and the total energy of the quaternary Heusler
In this study, Sr 0.7 Bi 0.2 TiO 3 (SBT) ceramics doped with Y 2 O 3, Dy 2 O 3 and Gd 2 O 3 rare earth oxides were designed and prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The results show that all ceramics exhibit typical relaxor ferroelectric behavior, and the breakdown strength (BDS) of SBT ceramics is improved.
Comprehensive Summary Rare earth (RE) ions, with abundant 4f energy level and unique electronic arrangement, are considered as substitutes for Pb 2+ in perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs), allowing for partial or complete replacement of lead and minimizing environmental impact.
Rare-earth doping can alter the crystallographic phase, morphology, and size, leading to tunable optical responses of doped nanomaterials. Moreover, rare-earth doping can control the ultimate electronic and catalytic performance of doped nanomaterials in a tunable and scalable manner, enabling significant improvements in energy
Mechanical, spin-polarized electronic, and transport characteristics of rare-earth-based MgSm 2 Y 4 (Y S, Se) spinels are investigated using first-principle
The rapid development of Ni-MH batteries urgently needs advanced hydrogen storage alloys as negative electrodes. Rare earth-Mg-Ni-based (R-Mg-Ni-based) hydrogen storage alloys with superlattice structures possess high capacity, good electrochemical properties, moderate hydrogen equilibrium pressure and environment
This review presents current research on electrode material incorporated with rare earth elements in advanced energy storage systems such as Li/Na ion battery, Li-sulfur
Abstract. The emergence of energy crisis and greenhouse effect has prompted people to develop energy storage equipment with excellent
First-principles prediction of two-dimensional Rare-earth intrinsic ferrovalley materials: Non-Janus GdXY (X≠Y=Cl,Br,I) monolayers And, in the momentum space, the large energy difference between the two valleys will greatly avoid the intervalley scattering from
A DFT investigation of mechanical and electronic properties for ten rare-earth hydrides has been performed. • Elastic and mechanical properties for some dihydrides are studied. • The paper explores results connected with a new approach based on data mining. • LaH 2, CeH 2, NdH 2 and PrH 2 are very promising compounds for possible
Model Specifics Notations Explanation Both input and target REE Annual production of rare earth minerals (in thousand metric tons) Both input and target REN Renewable energy utilization (gigawatts) Target GDP GDP growth (annual %) Target MEC Trade ECI: Trade complexity is grounded in trade patterns and gauges the intricacy of a
Rare earth (RE) metals have many unique properties, such as photic, electric, magnetic, and hydrogen storage properties, due to the unique unpaired 4f and 5f electrons structure and their rich energy levels structrue, which have been extensively investigated for1,,
nd thus needs to be in the critical elements category. Overview of REESeveral rare earth elements such as La, Ce, Nd, Dy, Eu, Y and Gd along with ECEs such as Li, In, Te and Ga, (Fig.1) need a careful study with respect to their mineral resources, economic and environment friendly extraction processes, purificat.
Rare earth (RE) ions, with abundant 4f energy level and unique electronic arrangement, are considered as substitutes for Pb 2+ in perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs),
Here, using a rst-principle-based method, it is predicted that rare-earth substitution of varied ele-ments and composition can systematically tune the stability of the
and Dy doped ferroelectric thin films. The influence of rare-earth ions on the energy storage density in epitaxial grown PZT thin films are investigated from the hysteresis loop. 2. Experiment In the present work, PZT with a Zr/Ti ratio of 48/52 and rare earth (RE) or
Rare-earth nickelates ground state structural properties. a, b and c Schematic pictures of the three main lattice distortions appearing in the ground state of nickelates: a − a − c 0 AFD
The cohesive energy obtained from the First-principle calculations is analyzed combined with the experimental results. It is found that the La 0.60 Gd 0.20 Mg 0.20 Ni 3.80 compound with Ce 5 Co 19 -type single phase structure has the highest cohesive energy indicating a more stable structure.
Kuriiwa et al. [7] investigated V–Zr–Ti–M ( M = Fe, Mn, Ni) alloys and found that Zr additive improved the activation property by forming C14 laves phase network along grain boundaries. In this work, rare earth (RE) elements, La, Ce, Pr and Nd, were introduced into the V 55 Ti 22.5 Cr 16.1 Fe 6.4 alloy to improve its absorption
The rare earths are of a group of 17 chemical elements, several of which are critical for the energy transition. Neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium and terbium are key to the production of the permanent magnets used in electric vehicles (EVs) and wind turbines. Neodymium is the most important in volume terms.
Rare-earth-doped materials with abundant electronic energy levels are capable of emitting bright multicolor radiation and are therefore considered irreplaceable candidates for optical anti-counterfeiting and optical information storage. This review summarizes recent
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